Piston and rings therefor



Sept. 23, 1930. J. F. RILEY I 1,776,324

PISTON AND RINGS THEREFOR Filed Sept. 20, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet l 32Inventor 4 By @Mm A iiomcy Sept. 23, 1930. 1. F. RILEY 1,776,324

PISTON AND RINGS THEREFOR Filed Sept. 20. 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 V QInventor A tiorney Sept. '23, 1930. F, RILEY 1,776,324

PISTON AND RINGS THEREFOR Inventor 1511199 F Fife A iiorney Sept. 23,1930. J. F. RILEY,

PISTON AND RINGS THEREFOR I Filed Sept. 20, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet" 4Invenfir 5 7a? 78:7 By

wan.

I Attorney l p Patented Sept; 23, 19 30 7 i q Y J i i STATE sf' PATENTmee i V nMEsrnAircismL EY; or start mm; 'riixns v c mien Annnmes crnnnnron I Ap' pHeatioii filed September 20, 19.29. Serial No. 39 13,962. i itV l liisinventionrelates to pistons and rin gs ed for use in thecylinderof a combustion therefor, and moreparticularly to'devices of, engine.

this character whichjare'es'pecially-adapted Figure 2 is a view inperspective ofthe v I for use in the cylinders of internal combus:depresslbl'e ring' whichreceivesthe force of -5 tion engines,;but itisto be understood,thati theexplodin'g gases and causes-certain of the55 this invention may be used in any other ringsto expand andcontract'on thepiston. manner for which same is found adapted, Figure 3is a bottom plan view of the red such as in steam engines movable lowerclamping ring or annulus.

'An importantobject of the invention is to Figure 4 is a view inperspective of the 10 provide, inamanneras hereinafter set forth, PY S OL OdYe i V g a v, I a co-acting piston and ring therefor, of a Figure 5isa viewuin side elevationand construction iand] arrangement of parts111 assembledpositlon oftheexpansible and whereby -.the-force,oftheexplosion in the QQ m i g which r ed l' h j combustion chamber ofthe'engine will actv Pl Q l i 3 k 5 o 151 onjthe piston'in amanner toexpand certain Flgure 6 1s a view in cross sectionshow- 6e of the ringsagainstthe walls ofthe cylinder mg he means of coupling, the, connectingand to contract or compress certainof'said O tO the-W I}iSt pin. L

1 rings against the pistons for the purposeof F gure 7 a p plan VI W Ofthe cover preventing lossof power by reasonof the P f l hee mp e elementa a z exploding charge escaping downwardly be- H ,F g r av w 1n P r p tipnng tween the piston andfthe cylinderwalhand a 51 n 1I1eCt1on with the,lower 3 wherein loss'of vcompression will be elimi-v c p g l gnated onthecompression stroke of the pis- I igu i a vertical sec imial view of amt V H a p f r mod fication of the device. I I 2 1 Another object of theinvention is to prog 10 1S a p p v 7 6 i g 75 "vide, inafmanner ashereinafter set forth, a h P 3 Whlch mb e i t 1 9 v device of theaforementioned characterlhavs r. mi I ing means for collectinglubricating oil on F g r P SP CY YB QfW of One of the'wall ofthe'cylinder and for conducting the llngswhlch r ed 1, hQ Q -o ,30 saidoil-to the WIlSt pin bearings for the R f m h d f 1n d ail; t Q purposeof lubricatingsame. V f i Ch a 1 d signates thecyllrider Other objectsof the invention are to prof l nt r a m ml gl h g -o videla device vofthe aforementioned ,charo 11911312, Intake n -v lve 3 acter which issimple in-construction, which and 5 intake exhaust'passdges '5 and maybe expeditiously assembled r disasand a yspark'plug all of W v 85 usualconstruction i e p 1 The deviceembodying this invention coin prises apiston designatedgenerally by the reference character 8, and as seenmore clear lyllindl iglliree of the dfrawingsincludes a 90 V cy in ricaportion 9, o a diameter to fit: of i P g z e speclficatlonzvta-kelsnugly within the walls'ofthe cylinder 1 and o r 31 W 6 acpcompanylng wi said cylindrical portion 9 is provided with wherein like characters ofreference designate inclined or tapered Shoulders- 10 and'll l mthroughoutthe Several and upperand lower ends, respectively. Anex- 95,whefelni l 1 I tension 12 extends upwardly from the shoul F g 1 a .V lal l Il l W Of der 10 and is of less diamete'rlthan the cylinpiston andring therefor. constructed in acdrical' portion 9 and said extension 12is cordance with this invention, the same be-, closed, at its upperend,by the top wall 13:;

sembled, which is strong, durable, eflicient in its'ouseyand which maybemanufactured at low cost. l l iOther' objects and, advantages of the inVention will become apparent from a study 607 ing shown in assembledpositionand m'ount- The top wall 13 is provided with pairs of threadedopenings Hand 15, the'purpose of which will-be presently set forth.

On its inner side,,the plston 8 1s provided with diametrically opposedinwardly extending bearing forming sleeves 16 having aligned boresextending therethrough and commum catingwith the "exterior'of thepiston.: The sleeves-6 are fortlie reception-of the opposite endportions ofa wrist pin 17 upon i-thecentral portion ofwhichis-rigidlymounted a connecting rod-18 through themediumof a? splitclamp 19'and clampingbolt-20 which extends through a transversechannel-21'on the periphery of the wrist-pill 161501 th pu f poseofkeying rod togethers 7 The clamp 19 and the wrist pin 16 are providedwith registering openings 22 and '23 for 'the passage'oflubricatingoilinto the bore 24 of the wrist pin; The cylindrical por tion.9,of thepiston'8'is provided:withacirsaid wrist pin andconnecting cumferentialgroove '25which communicates, at its oppositeends', with thewrist'pinopen ing inthe piston," and saidpiston is further provided withcircumferentially spaced openings 26'di'sposed invthe groove 25. Thegroove 25 and openings 26 are forthe purpose of collecting oil from thewalls of the cylinder l' and conducting said oil into the interior ofthe Pistons" An eXpansible-split ring '27 having a bevcelled lower faceand a horizontal upper face,

is mounted on the shoulder 10 of theipiston 8, and mounted on thehorizontal upp'eri'face of the ring 27 is another ring which encirclesthe extension 12. A-pair" of rings 29 are mounted. in superposedrelation with'respect to the rings 27 and 281and interposed between saidrings 29/and the ring2'8' is a contractible ring '3O 'which encirclesthe upper portion of the extension 12 and is provided with op positelyinclined upper and lower walls for complementary eng gement with the"adja cent wall of'the adjacent ring. 1

As before statid, the rings 27, 28 and 295 are of the'expansible'typeand the ring 30: is of the contiaetible type.) A compressible gasket31ofheat resisting material is mount-' ed on the upper w'all'l3 of thepiston 8 and is providedwith pairs of openingsjforjregistry' withtheopenings14 and 15fin said wall. A

inetafllic'disc 32 ismounted on thecOmpres 's'ible'gasket31 and isprovided with pairs ofopenings 33whichr'egister with the open interposedtherebetween an expansible ring 40'having oppositely bevelled upp'er andlowme a er side faces for coaction with a complementary bevelled portionof the annulus 39' and for engagement with the bevelled portion 11 ofthe piston'8; v The clamping ring 39 is provided with circumferentiallyspaced socket forming en 'largemen-ts 41 having openings 42 through thebottom thereof in alin'ement with the openings 14 and 15 of the piston.l The lower peripheral walls. ofthe passage 41 are tapered outwardlyas'indicated by the reference character 43. Bolts 44 havingtapered heads45 i i seated in the tapered portion of the socket 41,

extend upwardly {through v the openings in the socket and on oppositesides of the bear-- ing sleeves 16 and "terminate in threaded'upper endportions 46'which project upwardly through the opening'in the upperpiston wall 13, the compressible gasket 31,;metallic, disc 32-, and the''depressible ring 35'. l Compressible spring washers L47 encircle thebolts 44 in the sockets41- and are interposed between the heads 4 5- ofthe bolts and- 'the bottoins'of the sockets, as seen most clear- 1yinFigure 1 of" the drawings. Securing nuts 48 arethreaded on the upperends of the" bolts 44 and are provided withfdependin'gi' tubular iQnS 49for-insertion in the openingsin the depressible" ring 35 and themetallicdisc32. A slidingfitishad between" the extensimls 49 d thedepressible. rin 3 ndpin32. I Y Y compressible gasket- 50 is'inserted-"be tween eachof the enlarged portions of the nuts 48 and the ring '35andsaid-nuts are secured againstac'cidental displacement from the bolts4 o gh i h medium of trans-' Verselocking ing 51 In the operationofgthedevice, assuming the piston to have completed thecompression stroke, the"sp ark plug *2 ignites the charge in the combustion chamber of thecylinder 1 V v above the piston 8 and the expansion'of the gases exertsa downward pressure on the rlng 35 with the result that said ring isforced downwardly against the metallic disc32 and the compressiblegasket 3-1with theresult that the bevellededg'e 36 which engages theadja'cent'and complementary bevelled'edgeof l the u pper ring- 29,forces-said-flring 29 outwardly and downwardly theresult that its 5 thelower ring '29" is forced outwardly, the V ring 30 is forcedinwardly-and the ring's'28 and 27 meforcedioutvardly g inst the-Wallsofthe cylinder.

This action is had due tothe co-act-ing'con tacting bevelled faces ofthe adjacent rings. a

The spring washers 47 exert a constant up ward pressure on the clampingring 39"with the result that the ring 40 interposedbetween the clampingring and the lower end of the piston isforced outwardlyagainst the wallsof the cylinder by reasonlof the-bevelled faces i I coactingwith thecomplementary faces of the 7 v clamping ring' and the shoulder 11 of thepis- 1 ton, as will be obvious. 1 During the reciprocation of the pistonin the cylinder 1,0il which may be on the cylinderwall'will beg'athered'in the groove 25 and 7 passed through the opening 26 into theinte rior of the piston. Owing to'the rapid reciprocation of the piston,oil which may be splashed upwardly by the crankshaft of the "engine andthe oil which enters through the opening 26, will find its way into thepassages I, 22 and 23 of the connecting rod 18 and wrist 7 pin 17, asindicated by the arrows in Figure 1,and said oil will then flow outthrough the opposite ends of the wrist pin and lubricate the samein thebearing sleeves 16, as will be apparent. 1

Invthe modified formof the invention as illustrated in Figures 9, 10 and11 of the drawings, the piston is designated generally by the reference,character 52 and comprises 52 further includes a reduced upper portionan enlarged portion 53 of a diameter to'fit snugly within the cylinder 1and thepiston 54 of lessdiameter than the cylinder and pro- "viding abevelled shoulder 55. The extension 5% is provided with the peripheralgroove 56 having the oil passages 57 therein, and the pairs of threadedopenings 58 and 59 in the upper wall thereof. Said upper wall isdesignated by the reference character 60.

A pair of expansible rings 61 and '62 are mounted on the piston and areprovided with i abuttinghorizontalinner sides andoppositelybevelledouter sides for engagement with i the: shoulder -a'nd the lower face ofa comparatively largering 63 of the contractible through which oilpassesfrom the wall of the .the invention is snmlar 1n constructlon tothe form illustrated'in Figs. 1 to 8 the drawings a type which encirclesthe extension 54. The contractible ring 63 is of the split type andisrovided with staggered oil passages 64 cylinder 1 into the annulargroove 56 and through the-openings 57 into the'interior of V the piston.V In all other details, the modified form of inclusive of In themodified formhof the invention,

when theexplosiontakes place in the combus- 1 tion chamber of thecylinder, the depressible ring 32 acts'on the rings 27, 28, 29 and 30 inthe manner set forth with respect to the form of 'invention illustratedin Figsfl to 8 inelusive, and the lowermost of said'rings 27 ridesoutwardly on the adjacent upper'face ofthe comparatively large ring 63with the I. result that saidring 63 is forced inwardly I and downwardlyagainst the piston and exupper and lower bevelled faces, as will be ob?pands the rings 61 and '62 by reason of'their vious, v o

-It is believedthat the many advantages ofra piston and rings thereforconstructed in accordance with this invention will be read- What isclaimed is derthereof, a ring having oppositely bevelledupperiand-lowier faces mounted on the lower shoulder of. thepiston, aclamping ring engaged against the lower bevelled side ofthe lastnamedring, a depressiblering mounted on the piston andadapted to engagethexseries of rmgs in a manner to expand and contract same under theforce of the explosion in the cylinder, and means common to the clampingring and the depressible ring for securing same on the piston.

2. A piston and ring therefor for use in the cylinder of an enginecomprising a piston body having oppositely bevelled upper. and lowershoulders, an'extension prO ecting upwardly from the upper shoulder andi of less diameter than the cylinder, a compressible gasket mounted onthe piston, a depressible ring in superposed relation with respect tothe compressible gasket, a series of 1 split expansible and contractiblerings enf circling the piston extension, compressible gaskets and thedepresslble ring, a clamplng ring secured to said piston therebeneath,an

expansible ring interposed. between the clamping ringand the lowershoulder of the piston, said clamping ring, piston, compressible gasket,and the depressible ring having aligned openings, headed securing boltsex tending through said openings and having nuts on their upper ends forclamping the a a depressible ring, compressible gasket, and the clampingring on the piston, said depressible ring adapted to move longitudinallyon the securing bolts in a manner to force the series of expansible andcontractible rings with respect to the piston and cylinder.

3. A device of the character described comprising a piston, oppositelyinclined upper and lower shoulders on the piston, an extension on saidpiston of reduced diameter, an

expansible ring having bevelled upper and lower faces positioned againstthe lower shoulder, a detachable clamping ring having a bevelledperipheral portion in engagement with the expansible ring coupled to thepiston, a series of expansible and contractible co-acting ringsextending upwardly from the upper shoulder of the piston and encirclingthe extension thereon, a compressible gasket mounted on the piston, ametallic disc mount ed on the gasket, a depressible ring mounted on thedisc and in engagement with the series of rings ,on the uppershouldervof thepiston for the purpose of expanding certain.

of the same and contraotingcertain of the same, said depressible ring,disc, compressible gasketandthe clamping ring being pr0 1 vided withVertically aligned -,0pemngs, securing elements extending" through saidopenings, threaded nuts mounted on'the upper.

ends of theseouring elements and having rep I duced sleeve portionsextending through the openinginthe-depressible ring and thedisc, saidsecurin'g elements being provided, on their lower ends with'zreteiningheads and compressible spring Washers interposed betweenzthe retainingheads and the clamping I ring for yieldably maintaining said ringagainstthe adjacent expansible ring.-

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature,

' w V'JAMES' FRANCIS RILEY;

mam:

